Configuring an F5 Load Balancer for TAS for VMs

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This topic provides information for how to configure an F5 BIG-IP Local Traffic Manager (LTM) as a load balancer for VMware Tanzu Application Service for VMs (TAS for VMs).

Overview

This topic assumes you are familiar with the following concepts:

• Deploying an F5 physical/virtual appliance
• F5 UI and F5 Traffic Management Shell (tmsh)
• Creating admin users on the F5 load balancer
• Creating F5 self-IPs, VLANs, and routes

For guidance about the above topics, see AskF5.

Note: You must configure your F5 load balancer before installing TAS for VMs.

To use your F5 deployment as a load balancer, you must configure it to forward unencrypted HTTP following the steps below. This procedure assumes that you are running F5 v12.1.2 or v13.0.0.

Procedure

This TAS for VMs configuration option forwards unencrypted traffic to the Gorouter. It assumes an external load balancer is configured to forward unencrypted traffic.

This configuration terminates client SSL at the F5 and forward standard HTTP traffic to the backend Gorouters from the LTM. All TCP back ends accept forwarded traffic from the LTM.

1. In the F5 UI, go to Local Traffic.

2. Go to iRules and click iRule List.

3. Create the following rules:

   • Name: cf-xforward-for Definition: when HTTP_REQUEST { HTTP::header insert X-Forwarded-For [IP::remote_addr] }
   • Name: cf-xforward-proto-https Definition: when HTTP_REQUEST { HTTP::header insert X-Forwarded-Proto "https" }
   • Name: cf-xforward-proto-http Definition: when HTTP_REQUEST { HTTP::header insert X-Forwarded-Proto "http" }

4. Go to System, then File Management, and click SSL Certificate List.

   1. Import your TAS for VMs certificate and name it pcf-pas-cert.
   2. Import your TAS for VMs certificate key and name it pcf-pas-key.

5. Go to Local Traffic and click Monitors.

   1. Create a gorouter health monitor and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: gorouter_mon
      • Type: HTTP
      • Send String: GET /health HTTP/1.0\r\n
      • Alias Service Port: 8080
      • Receive String: ok
   2. Create a sshproxy health monitor and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: diegobrain_mon
      • Type: TCP
      • Alias Service Port: 2222
   3. Create a tcprouter health monitor and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: tcprouter_mon
      • Type: HTTP
      • Send String: GET /health
      • Alias Service Port: 80

6. Create all required nodes:

   1. Go to Local Traffic, then Nodes, and click Node List.
   2. Create the desired number of gorouter nodes, one for each Gorouter in your TAS for VMs deployment, and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: gorouter-#
      • Address: [IP-ADDRESS-OF-GOROUTER]
      • State: enabled
      • Health Monitors: Node Default
   3. Create the desired number of diegobrain nodes, one for each Diego Brain in your TAS for VMs deployment, and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: diegobrain-#
      • Address: [IP-ADDRESS-OF-DIEGOBRAIN]
      • State: enabled
      • Health Monitors: Node Default
   4. Create the desired number of tcprouter nodes, one for each TCP Router in your TAS for VMs deployment, and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: tcprouter-#
      • Address: [IP-ADDRESS-OF-TCPROUTER]
      • State: enabled
      • Health Monitors: Node Default

7. Create three member pools:

   1. Go to Local Traffic and click Pools.
   2. Create a gorouter pool and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: gorouter_pool
      • Health Monitors: gorouter_mon
      • Load Balancing Method: Least Connections
      • Add all gorouter-# nodes.
        • Service Port: 80
   3. Create a diegobrain pool and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: diegobrain_pool
      • Health Monitors: diegobrain_mon
      • Load Balancing Method: Least Connections
      • Add all diegobrain-# nodes.
        • Service Port: 2222
   4. Create a tcprouter pool and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: tcprouter_pool
      • Health Monitors: tcprouter_mon
      • Load Balancing Method: Least Connections
      • Add all tcprouter-# nodes.
        • Service Port: */0

8. Create an SSL client profile.

   1. Go to Local Traffic, then Profiles, then SSL, and click Client.
   2. Create an SSL client profile and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: pcf-ssl-client-certs-profile
      • Parent Profile: clientssl
      • Custom: [TRUE]
      • Add a certificate key chain.
        • Certificate: pcf-pas-cert
        • Key: pcf-pas-key

          Note: Your deployment may require additional root or intermediate certificates. You can select them here. Additionally, you can also enter passphrases for certificates.

9. Create four LTM virtual servers. One is required, while three are optional.

   1. Go to Local Traffic, click Virtual Servers, and click Virtual Server List.
   2. (Required) Create a virtual server for HTTPS access to Cloud Foundry API and apps and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: pcf-https
      • Type: Standard
      • Source Address: 0.0.0.0/0
      • Destination Address/Mask: YOUR-PCF-VIP

        Note: This VIP must be DNS-resolvable to your system domain and default apps domains.

      • Service Port: 443
      • State: Enabled
      • Protocol: TCP
      • Protocol Profile (Client): tcp_lan_optimized
      • Protocol Profile (Server): (Use Client Profile)
      • HTTP Profile: http
      • SSL Profile: pcf-ssl-client-certs-profile
      • VLAN and Tunnel Traffic: Enabled on YOUR-CONFIGURED-F5-VPN
      • Source Address Translation: Auto Map

        Note: This must be set in one-arm configurations.

      • Default Pool: gorouter_pool
      • iRules: cf-xforward-for and cf-xforward-proto-https
   3. (Optional) Create a virtual server for HTTP access to apps and give it the following parameters:
      • Name: pcf-http
      • Type: Standard
      • Source Address: 0.0.0.0/0
      • Destination Address/Mask: YOUR-PCF-VIP

        Note: This VIP must be DNS-resolvable to your system domain and default apps domains.

      • Service Port: 80
      • State: Enabled
      • Protocol: TCP
      • Protocol Profile (Client): tcp_lan_optimized
      • Protocol Profile (Server): (Use Client Profile)
      • HTTP Profile: http
      • SSL Profile: [NONE]
      • VLAN and Tunnel Traffic: Enabled on YOUR-CONFIGURED-F5-VPN
      • Source Address Translation: Auto Map

        Note: This must be set in one-arm configurations.

      • Default Pool: gorouter_pool
      • iRules: cf-xforward-for and cf-xforward-proto-http
   4. (Optional) Create a virtual server for sshproxy. This virtual server allows developers to SSH into Diego containers. Give it the following parameters:
      • Name: pcf-sshproxy
      • Type: Standard
      • Source Address: 0.0.0.0/0
      • Destination Address/Mask: YOUR-SSH-PROXY-VIP

        Note: This VIP must be DNS-resolvable to ssh.[YOUR-PCF-PAS-SYSTEM-DOMAIN].

      • Service Port: 2222
      • State: Enabled
      • Protocol: TCP
      • Protocol Profile (Client): tcp_lan_optimized
      • Protocol Profile (Server): (Use Client Profile)
      • HTTP Profile: [NONE]
      • SSL Profile: [NONE]
      • VLAN and Tunnel Traffic: Enabled on YOUR-CONFIGURED-F5-VPN
      • Source Address Translation: Auto Map

        Note: This must be set in one-arm configurations.

      • Default Pool: diegobrain_pool
   5. (Optional) Create a virtual server for tcprouter. This virtual server allows access to the TCP app. Give it the following parameters:
      • Name: pcf-tcprouter
      • Type: Standard
      • Source Address: 0.0.0.0/0
      • Destination Address/Mask: [YOUR-TCP-ROUTER-VIP]

        Note: This VIP must be DNS-resolvable to tcp.[YOUR-CONFIGURED-TCP-DOMAIN].

      • Service Port: */0
      • State: Enabled
      • Protocol: TCP
      • Protocol Profile (Client): tcp_lan_optimized
      • Protocol Profile (Server): (Use Client Profile)
      • HTTP Profile: [NONE]
      • SSL Profile: [NONE]
      • VLAN and Tunnel Traffic: Enabled on YOUR-CONFIGURED-F5-VPN
      • Source Address Translation: Auto Map

        Note: This must be set in one-arm configurations.

      • Default Pool: tcprouter_pool

Once you have completed configuration, check the Network Map located in Local Traffic Menu. Everything should be green.

F5 Single Configuration Files

Single configuration files (SCFs) are single files containing a complete F5 configuration for F5 v11.x and v12.x. This section contains sample SCF files for functional reference configurations. Often, presenting a reference SCF “template” to an F5 admin can provide all necessary configuration information for configuring an F5 load balancer for TAS for VMs.

You can create SCFs by using tmsh Run:

save /sys config file SCF-FILENAME no-passphrase

Where SCF-FILENAME is the name of the SCF you want to create.

You can also edit SCFs and use them as a template to replicate configurations across multiple F5s by using tmsh. Run:

load /sys config file SCF-FILENAME

Where SCF-FILENAME is the name of the SCF you want to edit.

For more information, see Overview of Single Configuration Files (11.x - 13.x).

For a sample SCF, see pcf-f5-recipe1-scf.txt in the PCF F5 Cookbook repository on GitHub.

Additional F5 Resources

For information about F5 iRules that may be useful when configuring an F5 load balancer for TAS for VMs, see the Pivotal CF iRules For F5 repository on GitHub.